Means op manufacturing spa



Feb. 5 1924. 1,483,037

F.ZALUNGER MEANS OF MANUFACTURING SPACE COVERING STRUCTURES SUCH ASROOFS,

FRAME WALLS AND THE LIKE Filed Jan. 11, 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 I Wilnwa:Jlzvgrzior:

Feb. 5 1924.

F. ZALLINGER MEANS OF MANUFACTURING SPACE COVERING STRUCTURES SUCH ASROOFS,

' FRAME WALLS, AND THE LIKE Filed Jan. 11 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 PatentedFeb. 5, 1924.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

rammucn zoLLmGEit, or MERSEBURG, GERMANY.

mus or MANUFACTURING SPACE-COVERING STRUCTURES SUCH AS ROOFS, FRAMEWALLS, AND THE LIKE.

Application filed January 11, 1922. Serial No. 528,460.

To all whom it may concern: I

Be it known that I, FRIEDRICH ZOLLIN- can; a citizen oft'he' GermanEmpire, and a resident of Teichstrasse 56, in the city of Merseburg,Germany, have invented certain new and useful Im rovements in Means ofManufacturin ace-Covering Structures Such' a's-Boo Frame Walls, and thelike, of which the" following is a 1. specification.

This invention has reference to" a method of assembling wooden bar's,battens or planks or the like" which may" be manufactured' on a;large"s'cale,3and maybe kept in storage, into roofs, frame walls and thelike of any suitable extension and span,- and of any! suitable" shapefrom but a fewfundamental shapes, such wooden'battens or the like beingassembled into the desired structure in a very simple manner, and bymeans of'but a few bolts or the like. This method results in theimportant advantage of being able to manufacture for' future needs,inasmuch as the battens and the like may'bemanufactured on a large scalewith but a few fundamental typical shapes, and irrespectively of thefinal shape and struc ture desired, and may be kept in storage to anyamount. The material of such battens or the like which, thoughpreferably wood, may alsoconsi'st" of iron, concrete and the like, isthereby utilized to the maximum ex tent of its carrying and loadingcapacity. The battens rn'ayfor instance be manufactured from thebo'ardsand planksof ordinary commercial shapes, so thatthe're is' no necessityof keepinglarge supplies of wood for roof structures and the like. Theexpenditure of time for the drafting of the structure, the expensivetreatment by skilled labor, and thefitting-together and designing ofthe'individual parts becomes unnecessary; Italso become's'possible tocause the manufacture of the battens or the like'by'mea'nsfofstencilaand their erection o n ths'building' g jdandst'o be effected byhelp drilled for this purpose. This is a point of'importance inview ofthe lack of arcliite t'uralrlabdr, audit results in a considerableeconomy, inflthe construction of dwellings. j I

and structures made therefrom in Figures 1 to 16.

I In' the drawings :Figure 1 shows an elevation of a frame work madefrom straight-battens. Figure 2 is an elevation of frame work made fromcurved battens. Figure 3 is an elongated section on the line C-D ofFigure 2. Figure 4 is a section on the line AB of Figure 1. Figure 5 isan elevation of a simplified roof structure. Figure 6 is a section onthe line-E-F of Figure 5. Figure 7 is a juncture of the batten framework according to Fig. 1. Figure 8 is an elevation of a modified form ofjuncture for greater loads according 'to Figure 2. Figure 9 is a sectionon the line G'H of Figure 8. Fig. 10 is an elevation of a bottomjuncture 11 of the frame work according to Fig. 1. Figure 11 is asection on the line J-K of Figure 1. Figure 12 is a bottom juncture IVof the frame work according to Figure 2. Figure 13 is a section on theline L.M of Figure 12.- Figure 14 illustrates a single straight batten.Figure 15 shows a single curved batten. Figure 16 is a side view of thebattens according to Figures 14 and 15.

The bar or batten 1 (Figures 14, 15 and 16) from which the roofs andframe works are to be made consists of a board or piece of plank ofunitary length the ends of which are tapered at an inclination in onedirection with relation to the broaderside 3, a hole 4 being provided ata small distance from the ends and of a diameter to correspond to thebolts to be employed. For straight roofs or frame works a straight plank(Figure 14) is used, for curved roofs (Figure 3) a curved plank as shownin Figure 15 is employed.

The assembling of the battens or the like is effected by supporting theupper ends of the battens or bars of the upper rows at an acute angleupon the middle of the bars or battens of the second row, and byconnecting them with the lower ends of the bars or battens of the thirdrow into; a juncture by means of a bolt at right angle relatively to thedirection of the third rowflAn elongated supporting plate 5 is used foreffecting a stronger pressure upon the entire width of the wood. Thefourth row of bars or battens is again connected in the man+ nerdescribed to the preceding row, so as lnter-engaging meshes.

to produce a frame work with a kind of The static advantage resides inthe fact that each succeeding row of battens is connected to the middleof the preceding row (Figures 1 and 2), the strain and load on one rowbeing transferred to the middle of the battens of each succeeding row.

For securing the junctures (Figures 7 to 9) boards 6 are secured to bothsides of the frame work which are connected to each other by bolts 2 ateach juncture, and are nailed to the battens. In the case of singleloads it is suflicient to apply these boards 6 in the horizontaldirection, as shown in F igure-1, and in such a manner that they dividethe diamond shaped fields into two triangles; in the case of roots theymay also be used as root laths'. In the case of larger loads the twoboards 6 are applied in the direction of the battens themselves (Figure.1), thereby producing an I-shaped cross section in which the boardsconstitute the flanges, while the battens constitute the webs. There isan obvious static advantage connected with this manner of construction.

In the former case the exterior board of the juncture connection, asshown in Figure 1, may also be used as a roof lath, while in the lattercase a system of I--shaped rafters is formedwhich are extensivelystiffened in each case in opposite directions by the battens, so as todispense with the necessity of wind bracing in this construction. Theassembling of the battensis continued in both directions until thedesired area of the structure (Figures 1 and 2) for thepurpose inquestion is obtained.

The structure is enclosed at its top and base (Figures 3, 10 and 11, 12,13) by means of boards arranged on both sides, and connected by bolts11, and another enclosing board for the structure is provided at itssides. (Figure 1). In the case of roof ridges a closing plank 7 and tworidge boards 8 are used which are arranged to correspond to theinclination of the roof (Figure 3).

The base (Figures 10 to 13) of a framing as described may, moreover, beconstructed in such a manner that the base beam 12 is provided withrecesses or incisions 13 (claws) for the reception of the initialbattens spaced from each other to correspond to the junctures (Figures10 and 12). The locking in the lateral direction is effected in thiscase likewise by two boards connected by ings of all kinds, cupolas andthe like, may be made. For curved surfaces it is only necessary to usecurved battensyotherwise the method'of connectionis the same. Thismanner of constructing frame work or frame buildings is also applicableto other kinds of material, such as iron and the like. 7

Figure 5 illustrates a simplified utilization of the method for smallerroofs in which the inclined battens forming the stays or bracing aremade to connect the vertically placed bars or battens in another ratio,for example in about one third of the length of said battens.Otherwisethe construction is the same, as-already described.

What I claim is 1. Space enclosing structural elements such as walls,roofs, lattice work and the like, comprising ang'ularly relatedelements, each of which, extending in one general 'direction, engages atits ends with approximately Q central points ofc elements which extend1n another general direction. 2. Space enclosing structural elementssuchas walls, roofs, lattice workand the like, comprisingangularlyr'elated elements, a each of which, extending in one generaldirection, engages at its ends with approximately central polnts ofelements which extend in another general directlon,

and the individual elements which extend in U each direction beingarranged. out of line with one another. v 1 3. Space enclosingstructural elements such as walls, roofs, lattice work and the like,comprising angularly related elements, each of which, extending in onegeneral direction, engages at its ends' with approximately centralpoints of elements which extend in another 1 general direction, and theindividual elements which extend in each direction being arranged out ofline with one another, said elements being secured together.

4.. Space enclosing structural elements such as walls, roofs, latticework and the like, comprising angularly related elements,

each of which, extending in one general direction, engages at its endswith approximately central points of elements which extend in anothergeneral direction,

and reinforcing members interconnected bei tween themselves and withsaid elements.

5. Space enclosing structural elements such as walls, roofs, latticework and the like, comprising angularly related elements.

each of which, extending in one general di rection, engages at its endswith approximately central points of elements which extend in anothergeneral direction, and locking meansat'the points of eng'agement of saidangula-rly related elements.

6. In a. space covering and closing structure substantially reticularlyconnected separate, parallel units out ofr 'axial align ment with eachother, and connecting boards between the points of connection of saidunits.

7. In a space covering and closing structure substantially reticularlyconnected sep arate parallel arc-shaped units out of axial alignmentwith each other and locking and securing means between the points ofconnection of said units.

8. In a space covering and closing structure comprising substantiallyreticularly arranged parallel board shaped units, each somewhat out ofaxial alignment with the succeeding unit and having outwardly taper ingends connected to the outer surfaces of 1 ad acent units, throughapertured parts on said units at a distance from said ends.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

FRIEDRICH ZOLLIN GER. Witnesses:

F. CHODEOR MOSDRUS, EMORY H. Loan.

